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Aisle View: Don't Speak! Don't Sing!

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Wouldn't it be surefire to take Woody Allen's 1994 Bullets over Broadway -- that Roaring Twenties comedy delight about an idealistic young dramatist whose play is subverted when he gets mixed up with a gangster, a talentless moll, and an alcoholic leading lady -- and transform it into a big Broadway musical? The film featured a tapestry of vintage jazz-age tunes, providing authentic atmosphere and helping speed the action along. Retain the laughs, add song-lyrics, and you've got a Broadway smash like The Producers.

Or not. Susan Stroman, the director/choreographer who worked with Mel Brooks on the aforementioned blockbuster, has now joined forces with Allen but lightning is not striking twice. The main culprit, it turns out, is those songs. Instead of enhancing and heightening the story, which is what ideally happens in a musical, the characters stop what they are doing -- and stop what had been a delightfully spry screenplay -- to sing songs that are placed all too randomly into the narrative. The effect is like a balloon expanding and inevitably deflating, over and over and over and over, without ever letting us burst with joy.

Things start out dandily enough, with Stroman providing a machine-gun opening and wafting us -- with the stylish aide of set designer Santo Loquasto and costume designer William Ivey Long -- into a mob-run speakeasy filled with fast-dancing dolls singing "Hold That Tiger!" as they entertain mug-like guys at ringside. Two of the leading characters -- a moll and her gangster -- start spouting Allen's dialogue, but then stop to sing an old pop song (in which he generically asks her "baby, ain't I good to you").

We then meet our playwright protagonist on a rooftop with his girlfriend, setting the plot in motion until they stop to sing an old pop song (about his "naughty sweetie"). This happens a dozen times. Stroman knows how to entertain us with grand dance numbers, and she does so intermittently (which is more than we can say for her recent Big Fish and Young Frankenstein). But the constant waves of staged hilarity she provided The Producers are absent, and sorely missed.

This is the precise bugaboo that beset Bob Fosse when he tried pretty much the same thing in a 1986 musical called Big Deal: the songs only casually fit the story, the lyrics only generically fit the characters. A well-crafted lyric should sound like the words can only be coming from this character, at this particular moment; this not only helps the plot and keeps the audience engaged, it adds dimension to the characters and makes us care about them.

Think of that other Broadway underworld musical, Guys and Dolls. Miss Adelaide doesn't just sing some old pop song about how her guy refuses to marry her; she delves into a blisteringly funny psychosomatic discussion of how a person can develop a cold. And Nathan Detroit doesn't simply ask her "ain't I good to you?" He talks with words that only he would use: "so sue me," he sings, "I love you" -- and we are firmly rooted in Damon Runyonland. In Bullets, the creators have their doll sing a song about needing a hot dog in her roll, a one-joke sentiment which builds into a long (and extraneous) production number. We get the joke, but we don't learn much about the character except, I suppose, that she needs a hot dog. The songs in Guys and Dolls serve to enhance the story; in Bullets, they simply interrupt the story to provide hoped-for entertainment.

A few of Stroman's numbers are choice, like a gangster tap (rather than gangsta rap) to "'Tain't Nobody's Biz-ness If I Do," with the dancers all-but-bursting out of their pinstripes; and a delectably staged-and-performed duet version of Cole Porter's "Let's Misbehave." But the hilarity of the 95-minute film has been bloated to 130 (not including intermission), which is presumably not the result they were looking for.

The nine equally-billed principal performers are pretty much enjoyable, but a bit of schizophrenia sets in. Marin Mazzie, for example, seems to be playing one show during the book scenes (as the hypochondriac dipsomaniac kleptomaniac star, created on screen by Oscar-winning Dianne Wiest) and another when given the chance to knock a number like "I've Found a New Baby" to the rafters. Zach Braff is busiest as the Woody-like playwright, but he suffers the most from the lack of character-specific songs. ("I'm Sitting on Top of the World" he sings, telling us -- what? That he's generically happy?) Betsy Wolfe is hidden away as a bland girlfriend until she gets a knockout song; Karen Ziemba is thoroughly wasted until she gets a big number to open the second act. It almost seems like Ziemba -- who goes back with Stroman to And the World Goes 'Round in 1991 -- has a clause in her contract requiring them to give her at least one big solo. She makes it pay off, too.

Heléne Yorke, as the burlesque star who wants to be on Broadway, has the flashiest role. Brooks Ashmanskas steals the show, comedy-wise, as the highly-mannered leading man who can't resist a donut, sweet roll or dog biscuit. (The Yorke/Ashmanskas duet to "Let's Misbehave" is one of the few times when we feel like we are watching a first-rate musical comedy.) Nick Cordero also impresses as the gun-toting gangster/playdoctor Cheech, acting, singing and dancing. Most of the principals shine, but only intermittently.

Mr. Allen knows his way around the stage; he made his mark, pre-Hollywood, with two hit Broadway comedies. But the Woody Allen "touch" -- which permeates every frame of every one of his films -- is present at the St. James only when the dialogue kicks in. When the music starts up, for the most part, it seems as if Allen has figuratively slipped out to the lobby for a smoke. A dandy story with incidental songs does not make a satisfying musical comedy, even in the final phase of this less-than-exhilarating Broadway season.

Skillful Mix of High Art and Low Clowning Helped Make Aladdin the Surprise Hit of This Season

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It was June of 1913 that Florenz Ziegfeld, Jr. moved his legendary Follies over from the Moulin Rouge to the New Amsterdam Theatre. And for the next 14 years, this NYC landmark was not only home to the most beautiful costumes, sets and showgirls in the city, it also played host to an amazing array of clowns. We're talking legendary comics like W.C. Fields, Ed Wynn, Eddie Cantor and Will Rogers.

Which is why it's kind of fitting that Disney's Aladdin has now set up shop at the New Amsterdam. A century after Ziegfeld filled this 1,800-seat showplace with music and merriment, thanks to the artistic efforts of Bob Crowley, the lavish sets are back. And thanks to Gregg Barnes' stylish designs, the dazzling costumes are back. Best of all, thanks to the inspired comedic capering of Brian Gonzales, Brandon O'Neill, Jonathan Schwartz and Don Darryl Rivera, the clowns are back.

Mind you, it did take Disney Theatrical a little while to sort out which performers were going to play what role in this season's surprise smash.

"When I first went in to audition for Aladdin, I was originally up for the role of Babkak," Rivera recalled during a recent phone interview. "But as soon as Casey Nicholaw [the director/choreographer of this new Disney Theatrical production] saw me, he asked if I could take a look at the Iago sides. And I -- of course -- said, 'Absolutely.' Casey then told me a specific side to look at. But I was so nervous that I wasn't actually listening. So I wound up having to learn all three of those sides that I'd been given. I then went back into that room and just had a blast reading for this part. And that's how I wound up playing Iago."

Which isn't to say that Casey & Co. didn't continue to tinker with the part of Iago once Don had been cast in this role.

"It honestly took us all quite a while to settle on the proper way this character should be played. During the pilot production of Disney Aladdin at the Fifth Avenue Theatre in Seattle back in 2011, Iago was much more soft back then," Rivera continued. "It wasn't until last year's try-out in Toronto that I finally found this character's voice, figured out a way to make Iago seem both mean and funny. And once that version of this character was in place... Well, we really poured gasoline on that fire. By the time the show back to New York City, Chad [Beguelin, who wrote the book and additional lyrics for this musical comedy] had written all of these great new one-liners for the character. And from that point forward, Iago became who he is right now: Jafar's laughably lethal henchman."

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Nicholaw and Beguelin has similar problems with Babkak, Omar and Kassim, Aladdin's three buddies that Howard Ashman and Alan Menken had originally dreamed up for Disney's 1992 animated version of this tale from 1001 Arabian Nights.

"Alan and Howard had written all of these additional verses for their 'Arabian Nights' song, with the idea that they'd then be used to move the movie's story along, maybe comment on the action," explained Brandon O'Neill, who plays Kassim in this new musical comedy. "So -- as they were adapting Aladdin to the stage -- what Chad and Alan decided to do was give all of these extra verses to Babkak, Omar and Kassim. So that our characters could then serve as the narrators of this stage show. Be a part of the action but -- at the same time -- be able to step out of the show and then comically comment on the action."

Which sounds like a fun idea on paper. But as Aladdin's out-of-town try-out was getting underway at the Ed Mirvish Theatre, it quickly became obvious that audiences just weren't warming to the idea that Babkak, Omar and Kassim were pulling double duty. That these characters were Aladdin's pals as well as being this show's narrators.

"Which is why -- over time -- our characters' function in Aladdin changed and the humor in this show changed as well," Brian Gonzales, who plays Babkak, stated. "We went from making a lot of pop culture references and doing a lot of commenting on the show itself with meta humor to being dry & sarcastic. And then for a while there, we were really slapstick and silly."

But in the end, what Casey, Chad and Alan eventually realized was that -- as brilliant and as funny as Howard Ashman's unused "Arabian Nights" lyrics were -- they were also allowing the audience to get ahead of the story. Worse than that, because Babkak, Omar and Kassim had been saddled with delivering all of this unnecessary narration, the audience weren't embracing Aladdin's friends with all that much enthusiasm.

"But this is why shows go out-of-town. So that you can fix things," O'Neill continued. "I won't lie to you. It was a hard thing for us to wrap our heads around initially. That the three of us were no longer going to be Aladdin's narrators. But once Brian, Jonathan and I saw how well the show functioned now that Babkak, Omar and Kassim were always part of the story, rather than when we were constantly stepping away and commenting on the action ... Well, speaking for myself, I was happy to take a step back and play the role that we're playing now."

"What really softened the blow here was that Casey and Chad treated us like real collaborators when it came to this show," Brandon stated. "Take, for example, 'High Adventure.' Casey was just so wonderful when it came to this second act number. He told us, 'I trust you guys. Come up with something and then let's see what you've got.' And so -- from show to show -- we'd come in with a new idea, a new joke. Our handprints are all over 'High Adventure.' Of all the numbers in this show, that's the one which is most reflective of how the three of us eventually came together as a comedy team. How we melded all three of our very different comedy styles into something that audiences really seem to enjoy watching as it unfolds onstage."

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And given the huge waves of laughter that crash down on the stage as Babkak, Omar and Kassim race off to rescue their friend Aladdin... Well, it kind of makes you wonder how Fields, Cantor, Wynn and Rogers must have felt when they stood in the exact same spot at the New Amsterdam as Gonzales, O'Neill and Schwartz do now.

"I can't look up sometimes," Jonathan admitted. "Because of the way the New Amsterdam is set up, the audience is very close to the stage. And I worry that -- if I look up sometime and see how people are actually up there in the balcony & the mezzanine staring at me -- I might have a panic attack. I mean, I love hearing those big, big laughs. But because the audience at the New Amsterdam is so close to the action, I honestly have to tell myself sometimes not to look at them."

Which perhaps explains why -- given that Jonathan Freeman and Don Darryl Rivera do so many of their scenes in Disney Aladdin in one (which is Broadway parlance for staging a scene out in front of a closed curtain at the very lip of the stage) -- Rivera's favorite place at the New Amsterdam is now one of the quieter corners found in this historic old theater. Which is the public lounge on the basement lobby level.

"My favorite place in this theater is the New Amsterdam room. I just love that statue on the ceiling. I love the fact that there's still one original painting in there. It feels special just to be able to walk into that place. There's just something about that room which makes me feel kind of like royalty," Don enthused.

Mind you, there's a line from Shakespeare's As You Like It carved into the ceiling of the New Amsterdam Room that seems entirely appropriate, given the topic of today's article. It reads, "I had rather have a fool to make me merry than experience to make me sad.''

But given the great reviews that Disney Aladdin got when it opened last month, I would imagine that a good many people are going to be made merry once they get the chance to experience Gonzales, O'Neill, Riveria and Schwartz's antics in this new musical comedy. Which -- just like Ziegfeld did back with his Follies -- proves how entertaining things can be when you mix high art with low clowns.

Sounds From Space -- Music for Yuri's Night 2014!

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Wow, where did the past year go? It's once again time to dust off your space helmets and dancing shoes and get ready to celebrate the anniversary of the first human space flight! 53 years ago, on April 12th, 1961, cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to travel into outer space aboard Vostok 1. Twenty years later, on April 12, 1981, astronauts John Young and Robert Crippen were the first to reach orbit aboard a space shuttle. And twenty years after THAT, in 2001, space fans decided to create an event celebrating space exploration every April 12th-- dubbed Yuri's Night in honor of the bold Mr. Gagarin!

In the years since, there have been parties all over the world, on the Internet, and even on the International Space Station. This year, the 12th falls on a Saturday in the US, hopefully giving space enthusiasts a lot more free time to celebrate, whether it be with a traditional party, a visit to a museum or observatory, skywatching with a telescope or binoculars, or simply a few quiet moments set aside to contemplate the history and future of space exploration. There's no one way to celebrate Yuri's Night, as the 189 events in 47 countries registered so far illustrate-- they run the gamut from trivia challenges in Australia to playings of vintage space-related Russian records in the Netherlands to films and discussions in Italy to astronomical observing in Turkey. Check out the official Yuri's Night website's party listing to see if you can find an event near you.

Last year, Boston University's chapter of Students for the Exploration and Development of Space celebrated with a space-themed costume contest (my foamboard jetpack won first prize), and the year before, we took in a planetarium show at the Museum of Science. This year, I'm planning to take part in a science and technology education event on campus early in the day, and then have a movie-and-music night with the other club members along the lines of last year's celebration.

And however you choose to celebrate this weekend, having the right music is very important. For users of Spotify, the Yuri's Night organization has created a playlist here. In 2012, I tried my own hand at coming up with a list of space songs to play on Yuri's Night that inspired a lot of positive feedback as well as just as many suggestions for songs I'd missed. I incorporated most of them into last year's updated post, which the Yuri's Night YouTube channel collected as a handy video playlist here. And, just as before, people responded with suggestions for other songs to add-- which I've included here. So, without further ado, here's an updated list of Music To Blast Off To!

ABBA- What About Livingstone?. Every space fan has at some point been asked "What's that good for, anyway?" This song describes one possible response.

Air Traffic-- Shooting Star. "I'm fed up in here/ in my atmosphere/Don't you know who you are?/You're my shooting star"

Angels and Airwaves--Love Like Rockets. A love song from the perspective of an astronaut, this song always reminds me of James Lovell, commander of Apollo 13, and his wife Marilyn.

Ash-- Girl From Mars and Shining Light. Will you celebrate Yuri's Night by looking to the stars and remembering the girl from Mars, or by setting off some Roman candles in the night as a shining light?

Barenaked Ladies and Chris Hadfield--ISS (Is Somebody Singing). Space Station Commander Chris Hadfield performed this song live from space with a children's chorus and the famous Canadian band Barenaked Ladies... and then I got it stuck in my head for the next few days, because it's just that good!

Gennady Belov-- "Starry Sky's Song" An alternatively peaceful and bouncy tribute to Yuri Gagarin in song. I don't seem to be able to find an English translation of the lyrics.

The Beatles--Across the Universe. I don't think this requires any explanation.

Kyle Breese and Joey Beesley--Sixteen Minutes From Home. Even though it's by another band, we might call this a sequel to Stephen Kay's "The Challenger" (see below)--a tribute full of the energy and excitement that drove the people it's about.

Black Sabbath--Into the Void. Suggested during the SEDS Yuri's Night videochat. "Rocket engines burning fuel so fast /Up into the night sky they blast/Through the universe the engines whine..."

David Bowie--Space Oddity, and Starman. Two of those "obligatory" songs that no space playlist is complete without.

Gustav Brom-- Dobry Den Majore Gagarine (Hello, Mr. Gagarin) Also known as "Tribute to the Astronaut", this popular Czech jazz song was actually written on the day of Yuri Gagarin's flight and released just three days later-- now that's a quick turnaround time! There's an English translation of the lyrics here

Coldplay--Speed of Sound. Speaking of songs that remind me of people from space history, this is the one I associate with Joseph Kittinger. (If I could video-edit, I'd make an Excelsior-Stratos fanvid for it, but I can't, so I won't.)

Daft Punk--Around the World. Suggestion from the Yuri's Night Facebook page. It's quite catchy!

John Denver--Looking for Space and Flying for Me. Sad but good, especially together.

Diana Degarmo--Reaching for Heaven. "This is how it feels, reaching for heaven! This is how it feels, kissing the sky!"

Nikolai Dobronravov-- He Said, "Let's Go!" From a composition dedicated to Yuri Gagarin called, appropriately enough, Constellation of Gagarin, this Russian-language song celebrates the man "who opened the star trail"!

Duran Duran-- Planet Earth. Looking for signs of life on Planet Earth...

Engima--Goodbye Milky Way. "Shall I go? Shall I stay? 107 light-years away..."

Europe--The Final Countdown. Okay, the astronomy's a little questionable (Venus isn't "light-years" away), but it would be crazy not to include this song.

Filipinki-- Walentyna Twist. Back in 1964, Polish girl-group Filipinki wrote this playful song celebrating Valentina Tereshkova, who had become the first woman in space the previous year. There's an English translation of the lyrics here.

Leslie Fish--Hope Eyrie, Surprise!. A beautiful, serious song about the moon landings, and a funny, less-serious song about the Soviet side of the Space Race.

Florence and the Machine--Cosmic Love. If I ever get to be in a movie with Dramatic Action Scenes, I want this to be playing over them. That is all.

Bob Geldorf--Thinking Voyager 2 Type Things. An enthusiastic meditation on the perspective on life that thinking about the exploration of the solar system inspires within us, part song and part spoken-word poetry.

Hum--Stars. Suggested during the SEDS Yuri's Night videochat. "She thinks she's missed the train to Mars/She's out back counting stars..."

Gregory and the Hawk--Boats and Birds. A beautiful song about love and traveling, kind of a lullaby. "Just leave me your stardust to remember you by."

Indigo Girls--Galileo. Galileo didn't invent the telescope, but he was one of the first astronomers to use one to observe the night sky. What this "king of night vision, king of insight" discovered changed our understanding of the universe forever.

Inspiral Carpets--Saturn V. The Saturn V rockets took the Apollo astronauts to the moon, and the rockets themselves were taller than the Statue of Liberty. Small wonder that the singer thinks they "really were the greatest sight".

Elton John--Rocket Man. You really didn't think I'd leave this one out, did you?

Kansas--Icarus (Born on Wings of Steel). The world's first aerospace engineer was the mythological Daedalus, who, according to ancient Greek legend, built wings of wax and feathers to escape the palace of the wicked King Minos along with his son Icarus. Daedalus warned his son not to fly too high, but Icarus was caught up in the joy of flying and soared too close to the sun, with tragic results. This modern song about that ancient myth captures Icarus's thoughts.

Jordin Kare and Krisoph Klover--Fire in the Sky. The "We Didn't Start the Fire" of space songs, this song describes the history of human spaceflight from Yuri Gagarin to the space shuttle.

Stephen Kay -- The Challenger. An awesome song in and of itself, with an incredible backstory.

Korobeiniki (AKA "The Tetris Theme")--While it's not specifically space-themed, Yuri's Night Social Media Director Rick Hanton suggested this famous Russian song for Yuri's Night in honor of Yuri Gagarin's homeland.

The Long Winters--The Commander Thinks Aloud. A bit sad for a party, but a great tribute to the Columbia astronauts.

Mando Diao-- Mr. Moon. "I've never been so sure I've never doubted you, Mr. Moon."

John Marmie--Water on the Moon, Apophis and Kepler. Who's more qualified to sing about the solar system than a NASA scientist and part-time songwriter? Also, I recommend looking up his songs "LADEE" and "IRIS", which don't have music videos yet.

The Moody Blues--Higher and Higher. "Climbing to Tranquility, finding its full worth, conceiving the heavens flourishing on Earth!"

Muse-- Starlight. "I will be chasing the starlight/ Until the end of my life..."

Mya- Where the Dream Takes You. A lot of early pioneers of spaceflight like Robert Goddard were laughed at for talking about flying to the moon seriously in a time when it was only science fiction. But they kept on, and proved the world wrong.

Nichole Nordeman--Brave. Very descriptive of my feelings towards the NewSpace industry--"So long, status quo, I think I'll just let go--you make me wanna be brave!"

Owl City--Galaxies, Alligator Sky, To the Sky. A lot of this artist's songs feature space themes, but these are the ones to which space or flight is most central--and they're very catchy, too!

The Police--Walking on the Moon. "Giant steps are what you take, walking on the moon..."

John Parr-- Man in Motion (St. Elmo's Fire). St. Elmo's Fire is an electrical effect that sometimes occurs on the masts of ships during storms. In the olden days, sailors regarded seeing it on as a good omen for their voyage. On a trip "up where the eagle's flying" or even higher, a little luck is quite welcome.

Private Numbers--Space is Our World. A variation on this band's previous song "Is This My World?", which already featured some Space Race imagery in its music video about a 1960s childhood, this song was written to be played for the crew of the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990 on the day they deployed the Hubble Space Telescope.

Queen--Don't Stop Me Now, Flash Gordon. Are you a "supersonic man" or the "savior of the universe"? Who says you can't be both!

Rush--Countdown and Mission. Before we went to see the STS-133 launch, I played Countdown for my father to give him a description of what it would be like. The band actually was present at the first launch of the space shuttle, and this song includes snippets from the mission audio. I think Mission really describes my experience as a space fan, learning about "spirits who fly on dangerous missions" and being in awe of what they've done.

Savage Garden--To the Moon and Back. I didn't recognize the song title when it was suggested, but now I realize I first heard it in a Space Camp video! "Somewhere in a private place, she backs her bags for outer space, and she's looking for the right kind of pilot..."

Shiny Toy Guns--Major Tom. Inspired by David Bowie's "Space Oddity" (see above) and great in its own right.

Carly Simon--Touched By The Sun. I discovered this song through the documentary Christa McAuliffe: Reach for the Stars. "If you wanna be brave, and reach for the top of the sky..."

Frank Sinatra--Fly Me to the Moon. Astronaut Ron Garan suggested this song on his Twitter after reading last year's list. There's quite a few other versions of it, but this one is the classic.

Spiritualized--Ladies and Gentlemen We Are Floating in Space. "All my time, until I die, we'll float in space, just you and I."

They Might Be Giants-- See the Constellation. Space exploration began people first looked up at the stars and wondered what they were. Before we could explore space with rockets and robot probes, we did it with telescopes, imaginations, and eyes turned skyward.

The Tornadoes--Telstar. No lyrics, but a really catchy musical piece with some cool sound effects.

Train--Drops of Jupiter. Dance along the light of day, and head off to the Milky Way...

Twin Atlantic--Free (Stratos Spaced Out Remix). "So you know that song they played over the highlight reel after the stratosphere jump? I can't remember what it was called, but the band name was something that sounded kind of airline-ish and it was really good..."

U2--Beautiful Day, In a Little While. In addition to their lyrics, both of these songs have some serious space cred--the band has used recordings of astronauts on the International Space Station singing along to both in their performances.

Up With People--Moon Rider. This song is based on astronaut Gene Cernan's description of his emotions upon seeing the Earth from the moon. And it is tearjerkingly beautiful.

The Vibrant Sound--Gravity. "I gotta take flight in the island sun/And be a shining one like the stars/I could blast off past all the molecules/Till I find the life on mars..."

Louise Warren -- Destiny. The theme song for the EPCOT ride Mission: SPACE, I memorized it before visiting the park and then sung along at the part in the pavilion where it's played.

Russell Watson--Faith of the Heart. I used to run into my parents' room every time I heard this song to sing along and watch the accompanying music video showing the history of exploration. Apparently there was some sort of TV show afterwards...

Wicked (the musical)-- Defying Gravity. Everyone deserves a chance to fly.

Will.i.am--Reach for the Stars. Those of you who've been following the Curiosity Mars mission may remember that this was the "secret" song the artist wrote after Curiosity's launch and promised to reveal after it landed on Mars. When it did, in August, the song was uploaded to the rover (yes, on Mars), and then beamed back to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for a very special first performance!

And albums, for when more than just one song is spacey:

Brian Eno--Apollo: Soundtracks and Atmospheres. Originally written for the documentary For All Mankind, all of the pieces for this album are inspired by the Apollo program.

The Orb--The Orb's Adventures Beyond the Otherworld. A psychedelic sci-fi concept album.

Vangelis--Albedo .39. The source of a lot of the music for Carl Sagan's awesome Cosmos TV series, but the songs that weren't used there are just as good, including the title, inspired by the Earth's planetary vital statistics. (The title comes from the percentage of the sunlight arriving at the Earth that is reflected back to space--39% or .39 on average.)

And, of course, feel free to play the soundtracks of your favorite space movies if you wish-- John Williams' Star Wars work is especially great!

Also, I highly recommend Soma FM Mission Control, an online radio station that mixes ambient music with audio from the Apollo program. It's one of the greatest stress-relievers I know of.

Did I forget any? Let me know!

'Bullets Over Broadway': Allen and Stroman Hit the Bull's-Eye

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If you liked the movie, you're going to love the musical. Woody Allen and Susan Stroman have transformed Bullets Over Broadway into a hit show (pun intended) that opens with a bang and ends with a bang and has a lot of bangs in between.

This Bullets is an old-fashioned musical complete with live orchestra, a chorus line, machine guns, dancing gangsters (and hot dogs), and a Golden Oldie playlist of flapper-era rag, blues, and jazz that makes the audience want to sing along with the cast.

And a first-rate cast it is, with more than two dozen actors jiving and jitterbugging through Stroman's dazzling direction and choreography, led by a droll Zach Braff as the high-minded playwright and a daunting Nick Cordero as his gun-toting ghost writer. Stellar performances by Helene Yorke, Marin Mazzie, Brooks Ashmanskas, Betsy Wolfe, and Vincent Pastore, among others, add to an evening of mayhem and merriment.

It has been 20 years since the movie of Bullets Over Broadway, which Allen wrote with Douglas McGrath and directed, earned seven Academy Award nominations, including those for Best Screenplay and Best Direction. And two decades have not diminished the biting humor that satirizes the three-ring circus we call Broadway. If anything, Allen has sharpened the skewer on which he roasts the pomposity and hypocrisy that often pass for artistic integrity on the Great White Way.

For those who don't know the movie, Bullets begins one summer evening in 1929 at Nick Valenti's nightclub. Nick is in what Tony Soprano would call "waste management" and he has a lot on his plate. For one thing he's in the midst of a turf war with a rival mob. And his latest squeeze, a chorus girl named Olive Neal, wants to be a real actress and is nagging him to make her a star. "I want to play Lady Macbeth," she fumes, "but not in pasties."

Further downtown, an unproduced playwright named David Shayne is drinking Chianti with his live-in girlfriend Ellen and some friends on the roof of their Greenwich Village walk-up. David is explaining how as a true artist his work is sacrosanct, that he would never sell out, never change even one word of his play just to get it produced.

This fervent declaration is interrupted by a phone call from David's agent with an offer from one Nick Valenti to stage his play. The only catch is that a certain actress named Olive Neal gets a part in it. David agonizes for nearly a full minute before agreeing to take the meeting.

The next hurdle is to persuade the famous actress Helen Sinclair to take the lead in David's play. Helen's career is quite frankly on the skids. She hasn't had a hit show in a "very, very, very - that's three veries - long time," and is now best known for playing drunks and adulteresses and has been reduced to drinking lighter fluid from her flask.

The other wrinkle is that Nick, fully aware that Olive is a hot and sexy number, orders his No. 1 torpedo (that's 1920's lingo for hit man) Cheech to attend all the play's rehearsals to keep an eye on her. When it turns out that David's play is not quite the work of artistic genius he thought it was, it is Cheech who makes some suggestions on how to fix it. By out-of-town tryouts, Cheech is not only slipping pages into David's briefcase like a spy passing top-secret documents, he has notes for some of the actors, especially Olive.

But in Bullets the musical, the story is only half the fun. It is the framework on which Stroman hangs some knockout chorus numbers, starting with a rollicking "Tiger Rag" and including a raunchy "Hot Dog Song" and a show-stopping "Running Wild" with the showgirls dressed as bellhops.

Everybody gets in the act. Even Nick has a turn with "Gee Baby, Ain't I Good to You," later reprised with a ukulele, and Cheech has three spotlight songs with "Up a Lazy River" at the Gowanus Canal, "Tain't Nobody's Biz-ness If I Do" in an alleyway, and "There'll Be Some Changes Made" at a Boston theater.

Braff makes the most of his solo, the old Al Jolson standby "I'm Sitting on Top of the World," and Yorke, who is ditziness personified as Olive, and Ashmanskas deliver a delightful rendition of "Let's Misbehave." Mazzie, as the fading star Helen (the role for which Dianne Wiest won an Oscar in the movie), and Braff have two duets with "There's a Broken Heart for Every Light on Broadway" and "I Ain't Gonna Play No Second Fiddle," and Wolfe, as David's downtown girlfriend Ellen, belts out a rousing "I've Found a New Baby."

Bullets ripples with vintage Allen dialogue, and Braff is an ideal Allen hero, a principled artist whose altruism is tempered by pragmatism. One can almost hear Allen as Braff delivers David's lines. As when David explains to Ellen's frequent hints at wedlock: "Marriage is a very serious decision. Like suicide." Or when he rationalizes the changes in his play: "Life is not perfect. And it's expensive." Or when he finds himself torn between Ellen and Helen: "Is it possible to love two women at the same time? Not when one of them finds out."

If there is a checklist for a Broadway musical hit, it would probably include funny lines, fascinating characters, fabulous dancing and songs you'll hum leaving the theater. With Bullets Over Broadway, Allen and Stroman score on every point.

Ask the Art Professor: Should I Drop Out of Art School?

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I have a background in art, as growing up I benefited from practice, private instruction and a pretty decent art program in grade school and high school. Going into college, I am much further along technically than most of the other students here, and I know much of what is covered in the fundamental art courses. However, I am now at a point where I don't feel the teachers are teaching me anything. It would be one thing if I simply felt I wasn't learning anything because I already know it all and could therefore look forward to learning in the advanced classes, but I don't feel the teachers are actually teaching. In one class we have spent an entire quarter going over something I could have Googled in about five minutes. In another, a drawing class, my teacher gave us nothing but videos to watch. One teacher critiques our work, but only tells us what is wrong with it and refuses to tell us how we could fix it. Many of the teachers here seem to have a complete lack of understanding of the material they are supposed to know themselves. These teachers are supposed to guide us through college and into a career afterwards, yet they don't seem to know anything about the industries we will be going into. I am worried I am wasting my time and money going to this school. I don't think I should be paying thousands of dollars for something I could look up on YouTube. However, I am worried that other art schools will be no different. If I transfer somewhere else, can I expect that teachers will actually have something to teach? That I won't just be shown YouTube videos? Should I just drop out and educate myself through the Internet?


You are right to feel concerned about the education you are receiving, as it is the teachers who define an art school experience. When I think back about my experience as an undergraduate student, it wasn't the facilities, resources or the campus that were important. What I cherished were the relationships that I formed with my teachers. Before I went to art school, I had never met a true, professional, working artist in person. You can find out all you want about being an artist through books, articles, and videos, but nothing will substitute having the opportunity to form a personal relationship with an artist who maintains a vibrant, contemporary practice. Getting to know my teachers as people, and working with them during class sessions made the idea of being a visual artist in today's world real.

I learned vitally important information about art through my art history courses, but there was always a significant distance between myself and the artists we were studying. All of the artists I studied seemed so inaccessible. I couldn't figure out how it was possible to go from being an art student to fabricating a massive piece of public art that stood 20-feet tall in bronze.

It was when my teachers shared their own artwork in class, that I began to understand how a transition from student to professional could be made. These moments were truly transformative and provided concrete examples that made sense to me as a student. My senior year, one of my painting teachers gave a slide lecture at the end of the semester about his work, demonstrating the range of art that he had completed over the past few decades. His talk was intensely personal. He referenced the traumatic death of his mother, talked about the personalities of people he had painted portraits of, and discussed the complex emotions that inspired his work.

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One of my drawing teachers brought in his prints, which were immaculately executed engravings depicting narrative scenes. In addition to his professional work, he also showed us drawings and prints that he had completed as an undergraduate student. This gave me some much needed perspective in terms of how I myself was doing as an art student. I knew my teachers as people, so I was comfortable asking them questions about their work. This information would never have been revealed in an art history textbook.

These relationships that I built over time with my teachers, and the countless lessons and depth of ideas that I gained from them would simply never happen on the Internet. While the Internet offers many resources for visual artists, it's not even remotely comparable to an education experienced in person. What I learned from my teachers is deeply a part of me. To this day, I hear their voices in my head as I work on my art. I still keep in touch with many of my former teachers, and make a point of getting together with them from time to time in person. I look to my former teachers for continual guidance and advice, and those relationships have enriched my artistic life beyond measure.

If you can find a way to transfer to an art school that more appropriately matches your needs, I believe that you, too, can have a similar experience. When researching schools, look up the faculty who are teaching there, and make sure that they are actively working in their field. Visit their professional websites, see what kind of artwork they're making, and find out where they are exhibiting and publishing their work. In this way, you'll able to develop a better sense of the school.

Ask the Art Professor is an advice column for visual artists. Submit your questions to clara(at)claralieu.com

Pygmalionization

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In "The Secret Auden," (The New York Review of Books, 3/20/140 Ed Mendelson quotes the following passage from a lecture Auden gave on Shakespeare's sonnets,
"Art may spill over from creating a world of language into the dangerous and forbidden task of trying to create a human being."
The essay is a brilliant meditation of Auden's character in which seemingly erratic and selfishly indulgent behavior belied a deeper generosity. But the subject here is love which as we know doesn't abide the reality principle, depending as it does on idealization. How else can instinct navigate the shoals of consciousness? Mendelson writes about Auden and his lover Chester Kallman,
"He had begun to sense that he had caused the break between them by trying to reshape Kallman into an ideal figure, an imaginary lover who he valued more than the real one. What Auden had thought of as love for the younger man had been infected by libido domanandi, a lust for the power to transform him into someone else."
Personality is a subject that can drown the words of a brilliant poet in jargonese. But Eliot's famous remarks about the impesonaity of the artist in "Tradition and the Individual Talent" not withstanding Mendelson's quirky view of Auden turns out to be an exception in the often turgid world of literary biography. It's a form of poetry in and of itself. And his observation about Auden's relationship with Kallman makes one think in general about the nature of love. Eliza Doolittle finally rejects Henry Higgins in Pygmalion. All his work has gone for nought, but in actuality doesn't this transformative process goes on in most relationships in which the self is often shaped by its interaction with either the expressed or subliminal wishes of others?

Sculpture: "Pygmalion and Galatea," by Falconet (1763), photo by Alex Bakharev


{This was originally posted to The Screaming Pope, Francis Levy's blog of rants and reactions to contemporary politics, art and culture}

Dancing in Paradise: An Encounter with Howard Finster

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For the past few months, Lauri Stallings, an innovative choreographer in Atlanta, has been having deep conversations with Rev. Howard Finster, the folk artist and evangelical preacher who died in 2001. Their tete-a-tetes have concerned how she might create a contemporary dance installation at Paradise Garden, the visionary art environment that Finster built around his home in Summerville, Ga.

"Howard was very aggressive with me when I first got to the gardens several months ago," Stallings recalled. "I wouldn't get out of the car because I felt him so near."

How can an artist create in a space that seems overwhelmingly inhabited by another artist? The swampy, four-acre Paradise Garden exudes Finster's presence. Hand-painted messages and Bible verses await at every turn. Mosaic concrete sculptures and paths glitter with glass, mirrors, cracked dinner plates, and funky found objects. Collections of rusty sprockets and wheels hang in weathered shacks.

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Lauri Stallings during the April 5 installation at Paradise Garden. Photo credit: Joe Dreher


"The language I work with is so turned on to all the senses. There was great challenge in finding this separate space inside of me that I could work from because Howard is everywhere," she said.

"I begged him to let me in, on my own terms, without reference to a singular god."

Early Saturday evening Stallings' dance troupe named "glo" executed a site-specific dance installation at Paradise Garden that successfully linked the choreographer and folk artist's worlds. The two-hour-long work was intended to translate dimensions of Finster's spirit into flesh.

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Glo dance troupe members by one of Howard Finster's church-like buildings. Photo credit: Sally Hansell



Titled "choir B: a physical installation on finding the light," the work was the eighth show in "The Traveling Show: Revolutionary Public Art Tour of Georgia," a series that has taken experimental dance to small towns across the state.

Arriving at the garden with a busload of arts enthusiasts traveling from Atlanta, 85 miles away, I was greeted by strains of Elvis Presley's "I Can't Stop Loving You," which imparted a haunting note. Finster was an avid Elvis fan, creating hundreds of wooden cut-outs of the folk hero. While nodding to that relationship, this song about memory addressed the mysterious interior states that the dancers sought to communicate.

Dancer Kristina Brown sat on the front porch of Finster's cottage studio, slumped on a red 1950s glider with a rigid posture and a fixed gaze. Clad in a simple beige dress with dirty shoes and peroxide blond hair, she brought to mind an impoverished Appalachian woman in a catatonic state, lost in her own world.

"I wanted her to embody the intensity that Finster had when he was working," Stallings said.

Stallings designed varied vignettes throughout the compound. Six dancers migrated through the garden, loosely trailed by audience members who became part of the installation with dancers sidestepping around them. Dogs barking, birds singing, cherry tree blossoms, a neighbor's lawnmower humming, and two little girls mimicking the dancers all added to the multi-layered experience. About 100 people attended.

Music ranged from R.E.M. and Talking Head songs (Finster designed album covers for both bands) to Finster's own recordings and shape-note singing, which is rooted in southern Appalachia.

Stallings insists her work is an installation, not a performance, because it is not projected from a proscenium with the audience seated. A high-profile choreographer in Atlanta, Stallings previously performed with the Hubbard Dance Street Chicago and was named a 2005 Chicagoan of the Year for her choreographic debut, "Moody Hollow."

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Noelle Kayser reclines in part of a drainage system at Paradise Garden. Photo credit: Sally Hansell


A state of precariousness infuses her work, and this is one of the ways she connects with Finster -- through human vulnerability.

Noelle Kayser inserted one of her legs in a drainpipe that ran through a concrete mosaic sculpture, and then she froze as if transforming into a stone statue herself.

Mary Jane Pennington repeatedly perched on the balcony of a goat shed and dove head first into the arms of her colleagues.

Standing near a brook, Jennifer Clark balanced on one leg for an interminable time after other dancers fled away. Bathed in a gentle sunset light, she was a vestige left behind. I thought the work was ending here until dancers began guiding the audience into Finster's "meditation chapel."

The chapel is one of the places where Finster rested from his non-stop working. As we gathered in the intimate space, the final surprise was a passionate embrace between two women dancers as Elvis crooned "Love Me Tender." Surrounded by painted Biblical verses, Virginia Coleman and Kayser sculpted their bodies in soft, rounded gestures, their arms and hands cradling each other as they kissed. Afterwards Coleman squeezed into the pew beside me, took my fingers, and raised my arm with hers.

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Virginia Coleman (left) and Noelle Kayser in Finster's meditation chapel. Photo credit: Thom Baker


Sean Hilton, the sole male dancer, guided a male audience member in front of a white wood coffin/altar that was overhung by one of Finster's famous angel cut-outs. Hilton stretched his arms forward and waited. The two men stared at each other in a Marina Abramovic-like moment. Then the guest decidedly walked over and hugged Hilton.

Jordan Poole, executive director of the Paradise Garden Foundation which is restoring the site, said, "The meditation chapel offers people an opportunity to observe themselves and how they interact with others."

"It's what Lauri really was trying to get out of the performance -- to show the different layers of ourselves, what it means to be human."

Check out these additional photos from the April 5 installation and tell us what you think in the comments.

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Virginia Coleman as a living sculpture. Her extended sternum helped direct the audience to the next space. Photo credit: Sally Hansell


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Mary Jane Pennington holds Noelle Kayser. Photo credit: Thom Baker

Benjamin King at Longhouse Projects

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Benjamin King's paintings, now on view at Longhouse Projects resist easy categorization, slipping fluidly back and forth between material-based abstraction and Mother Earth inspired landscape. Matter and Mother are both derived from the same root word, mater, so perhaps the too prongs of his work are not as dichotomous as they seem. Nonetheless, one of the pleasures of King's paintings is the way his paintings, in his words, "seem to fail as landscapes, while succeeding as abstractions, yet inextricably remain landscapes." Further, King declares, "making this work is like trying to recall a memory where the majority of the visual detail and narrative have been lost and obscured, but for some reason the memory is still there." As I've previously observed (In Between: Various Artists at Various Galleries on the Lower East Side), there is a willingness among many artists today to make work that lands in between easy categorization.

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Coal Hill, 2013, Acrylic, sand and ceramic paste on canvas 12 x 12 1/4"



Coal Hill is a small painting at 12x12", divided into three horizontal arcing bands of charcoal and tar paper-like black. Surprisingly for its scale, the piece manages to expand into a massive space while still asserting its flatness. The middle shape flips between seeming to stand for a body of water and a mound of coal, as per the title; because this shape sits physically about 1/16th of an inch thicker than the other bands the natural impulse to confer a pictorial reading becomes counteracted by its physical presence as a discrete object. The minimal means, assertion of material primacy along with the shifting blacks of the painting remind one of radical reductivity of late Ad Reinhardt. However, it is impossible to forget the Coal Hill of the title and the implied concern with environmental degradation and our collective reliance on planet destroying fossil fuels. That the painting is so beautiful adds another twist. Hung close enough to possibly be considered a diptych is Untitled, 2013. More than twice as big as Coal Hill at 28x28", it is composed in a similar tripartite division, but in an acidic yellow and yellow-gray palette so that it reads as the toxic counterpart to the quiet dark beauty of its neighbor.

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Untitled, 2013, Acrylic, sand and ceramic paste on canvas, 28 x 28 1/8"



Pet Traffic, 2012, is built from both liquid pours and densely textured acrylic in four vertical bands of warm and cool gray. Lodged between two of the thicker bands, which could be seen as a tree trunk and a rock, floats a purple-gray shape that looks like a separating dual nuclei under a microscope. By conflating multiple perspectives into one picture, the painting asserts its own nature rather than standing as a literal depiction of something. From this one could conclude that what the artist is aiming for is a connection to and enactment of life force through the act of painting. This kind of approach correlates to ideas explored by the more romantic practitioners of the New York School, in particular someone like Jackson Pollock, who spoke about being in and of the painting while making it as if he were channeling like a Shaman. The cool remove of someone like Jasper Johns, however, is just as key to the make-up of King's vision; in particular King acknowledges Johns' edict to take an object, change it, then change it again, as a conceptual basis for making a work of art.

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Pet Traffic, 2012 Acrylic, sand and ceramic paste on canvas 48-5/8 x 41-5/8"



The interplay between opposite types of gestures and modes, and the collision of nature and culture is a consistent quality throughout these paintings. In Silver Throw, 2013 a rocky promontory sits underneath a wash of golden yellow sky. A range of organically colored rock shapes, brown, gray, white and black, are distributed across the canvas; one blob of paint looks like nothing less than an actual cleanly slivered rock shard while nearby an aggressively unnatural material, blue glitter, stands in for the sparkle of snow in shadow. In turn these moves are offset by calligraphic gestural brushwork reminiscent of Chinese brush painting, which King has formally studied.

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Silver Throw, 2013 Acrylic, sand, glitter and enamel on canvas, 50 x 60"



King's paintings are clearly derived from having spent meaningful time in nature, while also reflecting consciousness of historical and contemporary painting. King's visual and conceptual intelligence keeps him well clear of painterly indulgence while his openness to what painting is and can be steers him away from the dryness of theoretically driven art. King is too self-aware to be a true believer of either camp, rather he is equal parts hipster and neo-Romantic hippy. Rather than either/or King paints from the both/and. It is as if he is saying 'yes, I understand the history of image making and visual language and willfully acknowledge them even as I plunge into the mystery of making a thing with all the passion I can muster.' The same way light is a particle AND a wave, King makes paintings from his head and his heart.

Benjamin King and Abdolreza Aminlari are on view at Longhouse Projects, 285 Spring St, NY through April 25, 2014
All images courtesy of and used with permission of Benjamin King and Longhouse Projects.

Talking Boats and Brooklyn With Street Artist, Swoon

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by Helen Anne Travis


In 2009, Brooklyn street artist, Swoon and two dozen or so friends crashed the Venice Biennale contemporary art show in hulking rafts made from New York City garbage. Called the Swimming Cities of Serenissima, the boats looked like something out of the 1990s post-apocalyptic movies Tank Girl and Waterworld sprinkled with a bit of swamp water. (Swoon said some of the inspiration came from her childhood in Florida.)

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The project was built upon Swoon's previous work exploring the intersection of art and aquatic communal living. In 2006 and 2007, she and her crew floated down the Mississippi River on a homemade flotilla. The next year, they sailed a fleet of DIY rafts down the Hudson.

Global Yodel caught up with Swoon in her Brooklyn studio to chat about the Swimming Cities of Serenissima and learn why this was her final community sail.

The Swimming Cities of Serenissima had a great crew, including a clown, a cellist and a member of the band Dark Dark Dark. How did you decide who came along?

The project picked itself. People would just come up to me and say, "I want to do it!" But then there were people I invited and they were all like, "No, I don't want to drown."

Their loss. I imagine running a floating stage and shelter takes a ton of work. How did you guys divvy up who did what?

It wasn't easy. There was definitely a lot of fighting. We just had to figure it out the same way any community of people has had to figure it out.

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Let's talk logistics. Did you have toilets? Running water?

On past projects we had a traditional boat toilet on board. For the Swimming Cities of Serenissima we wanted to develop an alternative system but it was beyond our capacity. So we landed more often, camped, and relied on the bathrooms in locals' homes and restaurants.

Where are the rafts now?

They're on a shipping container in Italy, about to come back to the U.S. and be part of a large scale installation in the Brooklyn Museum.

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If the Swimming Cities of Serenissima had a tagline or motto, what might it be?

(laughs) If you had a motto you'd say it. If you could really encapsulate the idea that clearly, you wouldn't have to build this fantastic, ridiculous conglomeration of vessels and make a giant floating community

Fair enough! Finish this sentence. The biggest lesson Swimming Cities taught me...

...Is that wonder is really disarming for people. Their defenses go down and they enter a state of suspended disbelief. You can awaken different ideas of possibility when you create that environment

What one single moment was the highlight of the voyage?

We had to get quite a bit of permission to put this whole thing together, but the one thing we could never get permission to do was navigate Venice's Grand Canal. Venetian maritime law is unlike any other maritime law on the planet.

We decided to just go ahead and cruise it in the middle of the night. Five minutes passed. 20. An hour. We kept waiting to get caught. But the next thing we knew the sun was rising and we had the entire Grand Canal to ourselves. It was such a gift. Afterward, I felt so tired. It's almost like being in a state of wonder and joy for that long is exhausting in its own way.

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Venice was your last project with the rafts. Now your team is building sustainable and earthquake-resistant homes in Haiti. What made you switch gears?

The floating swamp life was incredible but it also took up all my energy We put so much time and resources into it. I wanted to see what would happen if this creative community took its energy and focused it on a situation that direly needed it.


Photo credit: Tod Seelie

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Stage Door: The Heir Apparent, La Zapatera Prodigiosa

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Classic French farce is on display at CSC, thanks to a madcap adaptation by David Ives. The Heir Apparent is a fast-paced, entertaining tale about a sickly miser whose nephew is desperate for him to die so he can inherit his fortune.

Sickly Gerone (a terrific Paxton Whitehead) nearly coughs up a lung as he discusses his will. He plans to leave his assets to one heir, rather than the relatives he disdains. So nephew Eraste (Dave Quay) tries his hardest to be solicitous. And it's not easy.

Eraste longs to marry Isabelle (Amelia Pedlow), but her imperious mother (Suzanne Bertish) favors another plan: having her lovely daughter marry the aging human wreck. What's a pair of overwrought young lovers to do?

Depend on the lightning-fast brain of reliable servant Crispin (played with gusto by Carson Elrod). So clever and humorous are his schemes, especially in the face of super-short, supercilious lawyer Scruple (an excellent David Pittu on his knees), he proudly declares: "I am a one man Comedie Francaise!" He speaks no more than the truth.

It's hard to resist Ives, who's had a terrific run with All In the Timing, Venus in Fur and New Jerusalem. Here, he's adapted Jean-François Regnard 1708 farce, kept the setting but sprinkled the text with 21st-century references to health care, soccer moms and socialism.

Director John Rando has timed the action perfectly; his hilarious cast is uniformly tops. So are John Lee Beatty's set and David C. Woolard's costumes. The physical comedy, rhyming couplets and screwball plot line prove loads of fun. And CSC is an ideal house to stage such a fanciful delight.

For first-rate Hispanic productions, there is no better venue than Repertorio Español at the Gramercy Arts Theatre, which is currently staging Federico García Lorca's rare comedy La Zapatera Prodigiosa. (The play is presented in Spanish with captions in English.) It's a humorous, but thoughtful look at the antagonistic relationship between a young wife (Zulema Clares) and her 53-year-old shoemaker husband (Gerardo Gudiño). He accuses her of having "bull's blood," while she's forever taunting him to "be a man."

It doesn't help that the town's gossips are always sniping at her, or that the mayor is making advances, all rendered in a comic style, though Lorca highlights the dangers of slander and misogyny. The spousal age difference, coupled with the wife's fiery nature, renders them ill suited. She saves her tenderness for a sweet-voiced neighborhood girl (Emma Segnini), who doubles as her only friend.

So when her husband makes a radical decision that will change their lives, she's forced to rely on her wits. In time, an over-the-top visitor forces the marital separation to a head -- and the mismatched couple finds that love appears when least expected. Director Andres Zambrano keeps the pace lively; his cast is clearly having fun. Jerry Soto's guitar solo is wonderful and augments a colorful and charming production.

Photo: Richard Termine

Ramin Bahrami Scores With Bach and Scarlatti in Beverly Hills 90210

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Ramin Bahrami. Photo by Melina Mulas


Ramin Bahrami made his U.S.A. debut Wednesday night in the Bram Goldsmith Theater at the new Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts in Beverly Hills 90210. He is in late 30s, a bit portly and unprepossessing in appearance, but once Bahrami started the music rolled out inevitably from the Steinway he was playing and went directly into the hearts of the audience. Bahrami's seductive and cleverly constructed program intertwined J.S. Bach and Domenico Scarlatti so seamlessly and organically that at times it was hard to know which composer was being played.



Bahrami began with an uncharacteristically terse and angry Scarlatti "Aria K. 32," leavened by the gentle strains of the "Sonata in G major K. 289," at which point Bach's fifth "French Suite" immediately flowed from Bahrami's hands. The playing was fluid, impetuous, lush at times, transforming a close knowledge of Baroque ornamentation into something so elaborate and colorful that occasionally it took over from the original Bach, which is okay in my book because you can't help but smile in the pleasure and joy such playing brings. This careless impetuosity extended to the spaces between individual movements of the Bach which Bahrami sailed through, as if each "Suite" were one continuous piece of music, absolutely true to the idea of how passion infuses and inspires the creative act.



The rest of the evening was like that, one astonishing discovery after another. After the first half ended with Scarlatti's "Sonata" in D major K. 282 and the beautifully serious, A minor strains of Bach's second "English Suite," Bahrami returned with a trio of Scarlatti concluding with the iconic "Sonata" in C Major K. 159 in which he burrowed deep into the music's chains of trills with monkish introspection illuminated by flashes of Lisztian virtuosity at unexpected, idiosyncratic places in key phrases, as if revealing for the first time what truly lay behind the music's hold on the senses. And all of this was just to set the stage for a performance that put Bach's youthful, 15-minute long "Aria variata BWV 989" clearly alongside his more famous Goldberg Variations in its absorbing power and depth.



The Aria is a simple piece, subtitled "alla maniera italiano," which Bahrami understood to mean in a flowing, sensuous style distinct from the the ingratiating, tuneful French and the pietist English "Suites" he played on the first half. The scheduled program concluded with a sumptuous, showy performance of Bach's "Italian Concerto" which demanded an encore and what else than a fireworks-riddled adaptation by Bahrami himself of Johann Strauss Jr. in one of his most festive showy moods.



Bahrami, whose parents emigrated from Tehran after the revolution, is a big star in Italy where the local branch of Decca has recorded him in 10 CDs worth of Bach including the Goldberg Variations, the "Suites" and Art of the Fugue; only his recording of Bach's five piano concertos, however, is available in the U.S. (perhaps because the orchestra is the more internationally marketable Leipzig Gewandhaus and the conductor is Riccardo Chailly). Too bad for Bahrami fans in the U.S., although there is a lot of material on YouTube; and of course, you can get all of the Bahrami you want in Canada and other culturally enlightened lands.



Adding to the charm of the event was the new Wallis Annenberg Performing Arts Center itself which has renovated and incorporated the city's beloved old Post Office from 1933 as part of a series of connected buildings that unmistakably represent Beverly Hills cool money modified by civic sobriety. The result inside the hall itself is stunning, lots of wood and gold, very comfortable seats, and intimate, immediate sound of audiophile quality.

They Don't Make Music like They Used to (and Other Lies We Tell Ourselves Because We're Afraid of Becoming Irrelevant)

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I have a 6-year-old boy and a 4-year-old girl, and they listen to whatever music I listen to, and they like it, most of the time. But I live in fear. We're not the only influences in the kids' lives, and the older they get, the larger the chance of them coming home from school one day, humming a new Katy Perry song. Or Bieber. Or whatever manufactured teen sensation of the day they're innocent enough to consume and think of as their own.

When parents find out their kids have crappy taste in music, they either roll their eyes or start a Good Music 101 class, and I had always considered myself in the second group. I've had it all planned out:

When the first crappy music makes it into our house, I will sit my kids down, play the entire Pink Floyd discography, then The Beatles, then Simon & Garfunkel. And Bjork. And Death Cab for Cutie. And Arcade Fire. Then The Velvet Underground. Then Talking Heads. Radiohead. Flaming Lips. Yo La Tengo. Then Robyn Hitchcock. Then we'll take a short break and start our Bruce Springsteen lesson with Nebraska. When we're done, the only thing left to say will be, "Any questions?" And they'll know they've made a mistake, and that they're destined for better things.

Or maybe I will roll my eyes and know it's only a phase?

Recently, I got to drive a rental car, which came with satellite radio. And like many people from my generation, my first choice when I turned on XM Radio was the '80s station.

This song was the first one to play, and I couldn't be happier:

Last Christmas, I gave you my heart
But the very next day, you gave it away...

If you're a child of the '70s or the '80s, you've just repeated "gave it away" in Andrew Ridgeley's voice. That's what we do, because we listened to Wham! religiously as kids, and now as adults, we sing along and remember the good old days.

And that's the point. There were great songs in the '80s, but most of us listened to crap and we ended up fine-ish. Maybe people who talk about the good old days are just afraid of becoming irrelevant. So they look back and imagine a time when everything made sense, and then they compare it to what young people face today: Snapchats, and twerking, and sexting, and terrible, terrible music.

We weren't better than them, though, and us old men and women need to remember that. They listen to Bieber? You listened to George Michael. Their songs are all about sex? Didn't you sing along to "My Toot Toot"? Aren't you singing it on your head right now?

I have to remind myself to lay off the next generation. They will make their own mistakes, whether it comes from twerking of by listening to One Direction, but along the way, they will create their own culture and change the world in their own ways. And one day, 30 years from now, our kids will drive their hybrid cars jetpacks and a Bieber song will start playing and they will sing along, remembering those crazy 2010s.

We're not the first generation to pretend we're musical snobs, and we won't be the last. Our kids -- the same ones who put up Miley Cyrus posters on their bedroom ceilings -- will react to their own kids' favorite music with disgust, and try to convert them away from the dark side of manufactured crap, but in the end, crap will forever continue to be manufactured, kids will forever like it, and they will forever grow up listening to it with a nostalgic smile, singing along to bland lyrics with the same terrible rhymes repeating themselves one generation after another, and they will then lecture their kids about the golden age of music.

So when the inevitable happens and my kids come home singing songs that offend all that is good and beautiful and edgy in the world, maybe I will choose to roll my eyes and move on after all. I mean, I had a poster of George Michael and Andrew Ridgeley wearing unbuttoned Hawaiian shirts and short-shorts in my room. I don't get to preach.

This post first appeared on A Blogger and a Father

How a Film Could Get You 25 Years in Jail!

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Twenty years ago this April close to one million Rwandans were slaughtered by machetes, hand grenades and bullets in the swiftest and, perhaps, most savage genocide in modern history. Ten years ago, I co-wrote, directed, and produced the film Hotel Rwanda in an attempt to capture the horror, the world's avoidance of the slaughter, and, most of all, the heroism of a handful of Rwandans at the Milles Collines hotel in Kigali. The film was a critical success, and more importantly managed to inform and educate ordinary Americans about the genocide.

The film was initially well-received in Rwanda. In May 2005, I screened the film for Rwandan President Paul Kagame. I sat beside him as he and his wife, and most of Rwanda's parliament watched the movie. Afterward he leaned over to me and said the film had done much good around the world in exposing the horrors of the genocide. The next day I sat with him and discussed how the film might be used to stimulate investment and support for his country, and that evening I screened the film at Amahoro Stadium for some 10,000 people. It was the most emotional screening I have ever experienced. I spent close to an hour afterward accepting thanks and congratulations.

Two months later, all that changed. The film's real-life hero, Paul Rusesabagina, and the film itself, became the focus of a smear campaign by the Rwandan press and by politicians, including President Kagame. The reason was obvious. In his book, An Ordinary Man, Paul had begun to criticize Kagame's government, saying that the presidential election, in which Kagame received 90.5 percent of the vote, was not democratic and that President Kagame suppresses human rights in Rwanda. That criticism has since been echoed by Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Reporters Without Borders, and numerous International politicians, newspapers and reporters. In recent years, the criticism has grown, with reports of kidnappings and assassinations of political opponents across Africa, military intervention by the Rwandan Army in Congo, and suppression of all opposition inside Rwanda.

While he stifles all opposition, there is no question that Paul Kagame has transformed Rwanda from an impoverished sectarian state into a model of economic growth and modernization. This success has sparked much debate -- the highly successful African strongman who rules with an iron fist versus the liberal desire for Western democratic standards. Kagame has used his impressive achievements, (and the continuing guilt of the West) to mount a sophisticated International PR campaign to counter the accusations that he is a ruthless dictator.


Now Hotel Rwanda has once more become a target of this PR campaign. A recently released book, Inside the Hotel Rwanda: The Surprising True Story ... And Why it Matters Today, by Edouard Kayihura, a former Kagame official, claims to debunk the 'lies' in our film. What's surprising is that this book has suddenly appeared 10 years after the movie's release. It is, in fact, a rehash of the book Hotel Rwanda: Or the Tutsi Genocide as seen by Hollywood, published in Rwanda back when the vilification of Rusesabagina was at its height. That book was also authored by Kagame officials. I guess the latest book has been timed to coincide with the 20th anniversary of the genocide and renewed interest in the film.

I've spent a good part of my life in theater, film and television, and have learned to live with criticism, but accusations of 'lies' are a different matter, particularly about a film that I believe has shaped the understanding of millions of people about the Rwandan genocide. So let's set the facts straight.

We researched the Hotel Rwanda story thoroughly. I interviewed (and videotaped) scores of Milles Collines survivors, including current government officials. We screened the film to hotel survivors, Rwandan and foreign; to UN officials; to both the US and Rwandan Presidents. No one voiced a word of criticism.

Now, a decade on, this book has appeared and been noted in Newsweek and lauded in a Huffington Post blog. And with the power of Google, these attacks will fester on the search page like a Sharpie mustache scribbled on a portrait. What's funny, if it wasn't sad, is that many of the 'accusations' against Paul in the book are documented in the film. He did indeed charge some people for their rooms. He did drink with genocide perpetrators and barter with them for food. He tried to help his wife escape. Who wouldn't?

Frankly the book, its publication, and this 'veracity' debate is pathetic when considered in the context of the Rwandan catastrophe. I'd be happy to ignore it if it weren't for the accusation of 'Genocide Revisionism' in the book. Genocide Revisionism is all encompassing crime in Kagame's Rwanda. Human Rights Watch has this to say about the law:

As many Rwandans have discovered, disagreeing with the government or making unpopular statements can easily be portrayed as genocide ideology, punishable by sentences of 10 to 25 years. That leaves little political space for dissent.


I don't think I'll be back in Rwanda in the near future to sit and chat once more with President Kagame. I'll just let Hotel Rwanda, named as one of 100 most inspirational Films of All Time by the American Film Institute, speak for itself.

____________

Terry George is an Oscar winning film maker, whose work has included, In the Name of the Father, The Boxer and Hotel Rwanda.

Let's Get Ready to Rumble!

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The ancient Chinese philosopher and military strategist, Sun Tzu, is noted for his thoughts on combat. In his famous work, The Art of War, he offers surprising opinions about how to respect, annoy, and engage with one's enemies.

If there is a shocking difference to be found when comparing ancient and modern tales of war, it is the level of respect a professional warrior might feel for his opponent. From the ancient Greeks to Shakespeare's militaristic Coriolanus, a hard man was almost always good to find. These days, they're mostly just psychopaths with expensive toys.

As old-school Republicans like Ron Christie clutch their pearls and wet their pants while agonizing over pictures that show President Obama making a weekend phone call to Vladimir Putin while casually clad in jeans and a button-down shirt, stronger minds have prevailed in the creation of two fascinating new works.

The 2014 CAAMFest recently presented another quartet of short films under the umbrella title of Beautiful 2013. Produced by the Chinese video hosting service, Youku, some of these are tightly scripted gems; others take an unexpected look at what might constitute one man's perception of beauty.

In Kiyoshi Kurasowa's short entitled Beautiful New Bay Area Project, a somewhat goofy project development manager becomes infatuated with a female dockworker. The young woman is quite clear on her status as a laborer (as opposed to management), and has a concise sense of boundaries that should always be respected.

However, when the project manager steals her nameplate from work, he detonates an explosion of martial arts fury in which the young woman destroys his security detail, his office, and anything else that gets in her way. Even after he has had the shit kicked out of him, all the project manager can do is look up at her in wonder and gasp "Beautiful!" Here's the trailer:





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You won't witness any martial arts fighting in The Lion and the Fox, a challenging new drama by Gary Graves which recently received its belated world premiere from CentralWorks. Meticulously directed by Jan Zvaifler, this intimate study of how absolute power corrupts absolutely focuses on two key historical figures: Niccolo Machiavelli and Cesare Borgia. The fact that the actor portraying Macchiavelli (Benjamin Stowe) looks like a young Mitt Romney only adds to the fun and evil.


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Niccolo Machiavelli (Benjamin Stowe) and Cesare Borgia
(Lucas Hatton) in The Lion and the Fox (Photo by: Jim Norrena)



In The Lion and the Fox, Cesare Borgia is half tyrant, half psychopath -- a man who is willing to let his soldiers rape and slaughter innocent villagers as a reward for a job well done. Long before the term collateral damage was identified as a cost of war, raping and pillaging was just an exaggerated case of "boys being boys."

Borgia is incredibly wealthy, a fierce warrior, an unnaturally handsome soldier, and a brilliant military strategist. With Leonardo da Vinci serving him as the architect of Borgia's fearsome war machine, it would seem as if nothing could get in the way of Borgia's ambitions -- not even the French!


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Lucas Hatton as Cesare Borgia in The Lion and the Fox
(Photo by: Jim Norrena)



Therein lies the tale which kept eluding Gary Graves. As the playwright recalls:

In 2009, we embarked on a project called Machiavelli's The Prince. That project was originally conceived as a play with three characters: Niccolo Machiavelli, Lorenzino de Medici (the new duke of Florence) and Cesare Borgia (the central figure in Machiavelli's famous little book). After a fantastic trip to Italy to see all the places where the play unfolds and several months of developmental workshops, just a week before rehearsals were set to begin I found myself in the unenviable position of having to inform the actors and the rest of the collaborative team that we had no play. I was stymied. I could not figure out how to intertwine the two stories in the play as I had intended. First, there was the story of the interaction between Machiavelli and the new duke of Florence, Lorenzino. This is the figure to whom Machiavelli presents the first copy of The Prince as a gift, hoping to enter into his service. The other story was about Machiavelli's encounter with Cesare Borgia, one of the most notorious villains in history. One of two actors was supposed to play both roles (Lorenzino and Cesare) as the play moved back and forth between the two stories. But it didn't work. I just couldn't figure it out. One week till rehearsals begin and no script. Not good.



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Playwright Gary Graves (Photo by: Jim Norrena)


Everyone was remarkably good natured about the disastrous position I had thrust us all into. We talked. We brainstormed. We came up with an idea: Just tell the one story about Machiavelli and Lorenzino and write it really quickly. In two weeks we were in rehearsal (one week late), and, astonishingly, the play turned out to be one of our most popular productions ever, thanks in no small part to the amazing team that put the show together (actors Richard Frederick and Michael Navarra, sound designer Greg Scharpen, costume designer Tammy Berlin, and producer Jan Zvaifler). But Cesare wouldn't leave me alone. His story, and his doings with Machiavelli, kept calling to me, gnawing at me, working on me. Finally, last year, I understood how the two stories work together: first Cesare's story constitutes Part One, and then Lorenzino's story follows as Part Two. So now, five years later, we're opening Part One of Machiavelli and The Prince: The Lion and the Fox.



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Niccolo Machiavelli (Benjamin Stowe) and Cesare Borgia
(Lucas Hatton) in The Lion and the Fox (Photo by: Jim Norrena)



Some plays are well worth the wait, and I would definitely include The Lion and the Fox in that category. Because CentralWorks creates its plays using an extremely organic process that is guided by people who have worked together for nearly two decades, a complex, historically inspired work like this receives a great deal of loving attention. The fact that the creative team knows how to make maximum use of the intimate performance space in the Berkeley City Club allows them to convince the audience that they are privy to great acts of gore as well as villages being burned to the ground (just out of eyesight).

All of this was accomplished with Scharpen's superb sound design, some nuanced lighting, and Zvaifler's carefully balanced direction of the two leads. As with many works written by Graves, the evening found its true strength in the playwright's skill as a lean and muscular wordsmith -- a skill set which should not be taken lightly.

Benjamin Stowe and Lucas Hatton delivered riveting performances as Machiavelli and Borgia in an in-your-face environment which made audiences feel as if they were examining history through a microscope. If you crave stripped-down, intellectually challenging theatre that burns with passion, intelligence, suspense and a bit of poison, this show is for you.





To read more of George Heymont go to My Cultural Landscape

First Nighter: Athol Fugard's "Shadow...," Richard Maxwell's "Isolde"

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Although Athol Fugard turns 82 in June and his protagonist in The Shadow of the Hummingbird--having its world premiere at New Haven's Long Wharf Theatre--is already 84, the two-year difference in ages doesn't keep the deeply charming and charmingly deep 60-minute exercise from instantly registering as autobiographical.

That it begins with the grandfatherly Oupa (Fugard) reading passages that the program identifies as Paula Fourie's extracts from the author's own notebooks does nothing to suggest otherwise.

Entering an upstage door in Eugene Lee's highly credible notion of an octogenarian's cluttered study, Oupa's first words as he goes about locating those books are "Where are my eyes?" He's merely looking for his glasses, but with that query Fugard deftly lets us know the play will be about seeing.

And it is, because not too long after Oupa finds the spectacles and reads several passages in them, young grandson Boba (either Aidan McMillan or Dermot McMillan) arrives for what is apparently a standard visit during which an impromptu and loving tutorial takes place.

This lesson initially seems as if it will center on birds. Not too surprising, since a poster of bird species is tacked on the door through which Oupa came. The specific bird is the one mentioned in the title. More specifically, it's a hummingbird that comes by Oupa's house often, casting its shadow on that upstage wall and, as Oupa sees it, challenges him to capture that shadow. (The clever lighting designer is Michael Chybowski.)

Fugard being Fugard, the impossible act invoked turns into something bigger. It becomes Oupa's way of introducing Boba to the intricacies of Plato's teachings and, in particular, the famous myth of the cave. For those who've forgotten their Philosophy 101, that's the tale in which people trapped in a cave looking at a wall on which shadows are thrown come to believe in the shadows' reality, only to be baffled at first when released into the world outside the cave and confronted with the actual entities casting the shadows.

Fugard gets his biggest laugh when, finishing the story, Boba looks unimpressed and says, "Mr. Plato's story isn't very good." At that, Oupa sets about explaining why it is and what it means by asking Boba questions and getting the enlightening answers from Boba that he's looking for. What he's doing is quickly recognized by anyone who's ever taken a philosophy course as the Socratic method of teaching. Oupa is playing Socrates--as Socrates brought Plato's insights to his students.

And Fugard does it with such warmth and familial regard that the notion of didactics only crosses an observer's mind for its absence. The 82-year-old playwright isn't finished there, however. He takes the idea of reality, illusion and the ability to see the difference even farther by making Oupa's passion to catch the shadow into something beyond reality and illusion. He builds it into an appreciation of that uniquely human attribute, the imagination.

How he does it isn't going to be revealed here since it involves how he ends his play. It's sufficient to say that while The Shadow of the Hummingbird is brief enough to be considered an anecdote, its evocations--definitely as directed by Gordon Edelstein and played by the bearded Fugard and adept young friend--are a delightful example of big gifts coming in small packages.
*************************************************************************************************
Playwright-director Richard Maxwell has built a reputation on approaching theater in non-tradition ways that more often than not look decidedly non-theatrical. When you've done things differently for 15 years, as he now has, a totally untried way to be different with a new project is to revert to the traditional.

That's what he seems to be doing with Isolde, his latest New York City Players production at Abrons Art Center. He appears to be presenting nothing other than a play in a recognizable mode. Isolde (Tory Vazquez) is an actress first seen having trouble running lines with contractor husband Patrick (Jim Fletcher). Worried she's lost the thesping knack, she retreats into concentrating on building a house across the lake from her current abode and engages architect Massimo (Gary Wilmes) for the assignment.

Impressed with his design (it hangs invisibly on the invisible fourth wall of Sascha van Riel's very basic set), she falls for Massimo's high-flown architect's rhetoric--although Patrick remains pragmatically underwhelmed. Massimo affects her so thoroughly that she falls for him (and he for her). In no time, she's ready to enjoy sado-masochistic sex with him.

As the months go by and no new-home ground-breaking occurs due to Massimo's insisting he needs to know more about the couple, Patrick tries calling Massimo's increasingly obvious bluff and enlists family friend Uncle Jerry (Brian Mendes) in his campaign.

Things come to a head when suddenly Maxwell has the four players show up in ancient garb to play out a short, tragic scene drawn from the Tristan-Isolde saga. Just as suddenly, they revert to present day and the present Isolde's continuing trouble learning lines.

Because Maxwell has deliberately begged for comparison of the old and new Isolde plights and because this is Maxwell to begin with, a viewer may suspect there's more to the enterprise than meets the eye. Maybe the house-building action is really the play the actress is having difficulty getting down. Maybe the boat mentioned in the play's lines relates in some way to the lake across which Isolde and Patrick are planning their dream house. Maybe an actress playing an actress is Maxwell fooling around with the problem of deciding what's real in life and what isn't.

More likely, none of the above is in Maxwell's thoughts. What certainly and baldly is is a play about an unhappy woman who falls for a man who's hardly a Tristan figure and who turns out to be no more than the windbag her loving husband declares he is. So if with Isolde, what you see is what you get, then what you get is a mildly intriguing drama not especially enhanced either by the clichés embedded in it or the deliberately flat playing adorning it.

First Nighter: Athol Fugard's Shadow..., Richard Maxwell's Isolde

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Although Athol Fugard turns 82 in June and his protagonist in The Shadow of the Hummingbird -- having its world premiere at New Haven's Long Wharf Theatre -- is already 84, the two-year difference in ages doesn't keep the deeply charming and charmingly deep 60-minute exercise from instantly registering as autobiographical.

That it begins with the grandfatherly Oupa (Fugard) reading passages that the program identifies as Paula Fourie's extracts from the author's own notebooks does nothing to suggest otherwise.

Entering an upstage door in Eugene Lee's highly credible notion of an octogenarian's cluttered study, Oupa's first words as he goes about locating those books are "Where are my eyes?" He's merely looking for his glasses, but with that query Fugard deftly lets us know the play will be about seeing.

And it is, because not too long after Oupa finds the spectacles and reads several passages in them, young grandson Boba (either Aidan McMillan or Dermot McMillan) arrives for what is apparently a standard visit during which an impromptu and loving tutorial takes place.

This lesson initially seems as if it will center on birds. Not too surprising, since a poster of bird species is tacked on the door through which Oupa came. The specific bird is the one mentioned in the title. More specifically, it's a hummingbird that comes by Oupa's house often, casting its shadow on that upstage wall and, as Oupa sees it, challenges him to capture that shadow. (The clever lighting designer is Michael Chybowski.)

Fugard being Fugard, the impossible act invoked turns into something bigger. It becomes Oupa's way of introducing Boba to the intricacies of Plato's teachings and, in particular, the famous myth of the cave. For those who've forgotten their Philosophy 101, that's the tale in which people trapped in a cave looking at a wall on which shadows are thrown come to believe in the shadows' reality, only to be baffled at first when released into the world outside the cave and confronted with the actual entities casting the shadows.

Fugard gets his biggest laugh when, finishing the story, Boba looks unimpressed and says, "Mr. Plato's story isn't very good." At that, Oupa sets about explaining why it is and what it means by asking Boba questions and getting the enlightening answers from Boba that he's looking for. What he's doing is quickly recognized by anyone who's ever taken a philosophy course as the Socratic method of teaching. Oupa is playing Socrates -- as Socrates brought Plato's insights to his students.

And Fugard does it with such warmth and familial regard that the notion of didactics only crosses an observer's mind for its absence. The 82-year-old playwright isn't finished there, however. He takes the idea of reality, illusion and the ability to see the difference even farther by making Oupa's passion to catch the shadow into something beyond reality and illusion. He builds it into an appreciation of that uniquely human attribute, the imagination.

How he does it isn't going to be revealed here since it involves how he ends his play. It's sufficient to say that while The Shadow of the Hummingbird is brief enough to be considered an anecdote, its evocations -- definitely as directed by Gordon Edelstein and played by the bearded Fugard and adept young friend -- are a delightful example of big gifts coming in small packages.
*************************************************************************************************
Playwright-director Richard Maxwell has built a reputation on approaching theater in non-tradition ways that more often than not look decidedly non-theatrical. When you've done things differently for 15 years, as he now has, a totally untried way to be different with a new project is to revert to the traditional.

That's what he seems to be doing with Isolde, his latest New York City Players production at Abrons Art Center. He appears to be presenting nothing other than a play in a recognizable mode. Isolde (Tory Vazquez) is an actress first seen having trouble running lines with contractor husband Patrick (Jim Fletcher). Worried she's lost the thesping knack, she retreats into concentrating on building a house across the lake from her current abode and engages architect Massimo (Gary Wilmes) for the assignment.

Impressed with his design (it hangs invisibly on the invisible fourth wall of Sascha van Riel's very basic set), she falls for Massimo's high-flown architect's rhetoric -- although Patrick remains pragmatically underwhelmed. Massimo affects her so thoroughly that she falls for him (and he for her). In no time, she's ready to enjoy sado-masochistic sex with him.

As the months go by and no new-home ground-breaking occurs due to Massimo's insisting he needs to know more about the couple, Patrick tries calling Massimo's increasingly obvious bluff and enlists family friend Uncle Jerry (Brian Mendes) in his campaign.

Things come to a head when suddenly Maxwell has the four players show up in ancient garb to play out a short, tragic scene drawn from the Tristan-Isolde saga. Just as suddenly, they revert to present day and the present Isolde's continuing trouble learning lines.

Because Maxwell has deliberately begged for comparison of the old and new Isolde plights and because this is Maxwell to begin with, a viewer may suspect there's more to the enterprise than meets the eye. Maybe the house-building action is really the play the actress is having difficulty getting down. Maybe the boat mentioned in the play's lines relates in some way to the lake across which Isolde and Patrick are planning their dream house. Maybe an actress playing an actress is Maxwell fooling around with the problem of deciding what's real in life and what isn't.

More likely, none of the above is in Maxwell's thoughts. What certainly and baldly is is a play about an unhappy woman who falls for a man who's hardly a Tristan figure and who turns out to be no more than the windbag her loving husband declares he is. So if with Isolde, what you see is what you get, then what you get is a mildly intriguing drama not especially enhanced either by the clichés embedded in it or the deliberately flat playing adorning it.

First Nighter: Audra McDonald Dazzles as Billie Holiday

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The most exquisite singing being done on a New York City stage right now is Audra McDonald delivering "God Bless the Child" at Circle in the Square. It's stunning, it's heartbreaking. If there's anything available even better at the moment, it's McDonald again, this time singing "Strange Fruit." The anguish and fury in it is heart stopping.

She's offering the superb vocalizing as Billie Holiday in Lanie Robertson's Lady Day at Emerson's Bar & Grill, and since this is a limited engagement, anyone who has an interest in seeing five-time Tony-winning McDonald give the performance of her career had better get to Circle in the Square pronto. Indeed, anyone with the slightest curiosity about hypnotic acting should leave for the venue this very minute.

Robertson's work -- it's not a musical or a play with music so much as an up-close-and-personal character study -- takes place in the small Philadelphia jazz club where Holiday returned late in her career for a poorly attended gig. Mad at the town where she'd endured one of her several arrests, the alcohol-and-drug-addicted Holiday is only lamely trying to put aside her resentment and finish a set including signature songs she knows her fans will insist on hearing.

Arriving on the small stage only slightly inebriated, she offers songs she's in the mood to reprise while interrupting their flow with scattered, far from chronological information about her life. She tosses obscenities around freely when recalling her Baltimore birth as Eleanora Fagan, the move to Harlem with her mother when she was a teenager, the early singing in local dives, her devotion to Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, her first recordings thanks to John Hammond and, in no short supply, the destructive men in her life.

Continually drinking until she's stumbling down steps when wandering through the cabaret tables set designer James Noone has placed between the bandstand and a curved bar, she fondly remembers saxophonist Lester Young and band leader Artie Shaw and much less fondly recalls a Southern restaurant hostess's denying her the use of a toilet. She also dwells on the loss of her cabaret card, a situation that, due to her incarceration for drug possession, keeps her from working in New York City niteries.

Holiday tries the patience of her piano player (Shelton Becton, fronting a trio featuring bassist George Farmer and drummer Clayton Craddock), as she increasingly becomes so depressed by the booze and the recollections prompted that she fights against the songs she's meant to include and threatens to stop singing altogether. Several sheets to the wind, she even brings out the Chihuahua she treasures.

"Channeling" is the cliché usually invoked for depictions of this sort, and it's a cliché that won't go undeployed here. A broad channel has obviously opened for McDonald, whose acting is exemplary. Wearing Esosa's approximation of one of the many strapless gowns Holiday owned and with her hair pulled into the ponytail Holiday affected in the last couple of her four and a half decades, McDonald seamlessly turns herself into the vastly talented, profoundly dissatisfied singer.

And then there's the singing. McDonald has won Tonys in large part on the strength of it before -- four of them, as a matter of fact in singing roles, the most recent as Bess in the Porgy and Bess revival. But those awards have been snagged on the power, piquancy and poignancy of her classically trained soprano.

Forget that. (If you can.) Here, she replicates the Billie Holiday sound to a point where her success approaches the phenomenal and then lands there. She achieves the airiness that allows notes to float unexpectedly and suddenly high. She achieves the guttural quality that takes Holiday over when the passion of a lyric possessed her. The latter effect is what occurs on "God Bless the Child," which she wrote as a reaction to her mother's once denying her money, and on "Strange Fruit," which she began singing in response to racist behavior she'd experienced touring the South.

Any longtime Holiday devotee -- I'm one and had a chance to hear her live at Boston's Storyville one night in 1958 and inexplicably passed it up -- has to remind himself that there may be a couple of generations unaware of the singer and therefore not already thrilled at the prospect of hearing McDonald take on with such astonishing accuracy staples like "Don't Explain" (which Holiday wrote about her errant first husband), "What a Little Moonlight Will Do," "Easy Livin'," "T'Ain't Nobody's Business If I Do," "Pig Foot (And a Bottle of Beer"), "Crazy He Calls Me" and seven others. Newcomers to her will cherish the Holiday introduction.

In a program note, dramatist Robertson explains that he heard about Holiday's Emerson's Bar & Grill stay from a boyfriend, who said that only six patrons were in attendance on the night he was there. Robertson says he wrote his play to expunge "an image that has always haunted me."

It's certainly a haunting image, and one that would serve the set-up well were Holiday shown grappling with the disappointing turn-out. It's a good bet the no-opinions-held-back singer had something to say about it -- and not entirely in, uh, lady-like terms. Robertson doesn't build this potentially dramatic element into his script, and since McDonald is likely to play for sell-out crowds start to finish, it's an element that's perhaps unfortunately absent.

(N. B.: Earlier this season, Dee Dee Bridgewater was Lady Day in Lady Day at the Little Shubert and also acquitted herself well. Since comparisons aren't called for, there will be none made here. Instead, many thanks to both Ladies Day.)

In a 2001 BBC/A&E documentary on Holiday, Annie Ross, who was friendly with the subject, says that Holiday's favorite album among the many she recorded was the 1958 "Lady in Satin" arranged and conducted by Ray Ellis. (Holiday died in July, 1959.) Ross, who agreed with the choice, says her personal reason for nominating that release, is, "There's a whole life in that voice."

Perhaps the most complimentary remark to be made about Audra McDonald in Lady Day at Emerson's Bar & Grill is that in 90 minutes and under Lonny Price's fully empathetic direction, she nails that voice and she gets that whole life. Send her flowers. Send her carloads of Holiday's favored gardenias.

Sugarcoating the Art of Real Estate

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A few days ago, I received a mass e-mail invitation from Creative Time for their annual spring gala, which will take place at the long defunct Domino Sugar Factory in Brooklyn and honor artist Kara Walker:

Join us on May 6 as we honor the brilliant Kara Walker at this year's Creative Time gala -- and preview her biggest installation yet, just days before it opens to the public!


On its website, Creative Time, calling Kara Walker "one of the most celebrated artists of our era," promises that this, her first large-scale public project, will explore "themes related to the history of the sugar trade and its many implications." The exhibition is titled A Subtlety or The Marvelous Sugar Baby, and described as "An Homage To The Unpaid And Overworked Artisans Who Have Refined Our Sweet Tastes From The Cane Fields To The Kitchens Of The New World On The Occasion Of The Demolition Of The Domino Sugar Refining Plant."

The email invitation came with an embedded video message by Agnes Gund, Creative Time host committee member and President Emerita of the Museum of Modern Art. The one-minute video shows Miss Gund seated on a grey sofa in an elegant living room with understated beige walls and a décor of potted plants and choice pieces of modern art. Framed by two silk pillows and a pastel-colored pashmina throw whose colors match the light green Hydrangea bouquet on the coffee table in front of her, Miss Gund is facing the camera as sunlight gently filters through the window behind her. She is wearing a casually unbuttoned robins blue blazer over a classic black mini dress. Her wheat-colored hair is carefully coiffed, and she has taken her glasses off to deliver a brief, personal tribute to Miss Walker. Not mincing words and underscored by the cool beat of contemporary lounge music, she eloquently describes Creative Time's honorary artist of 2014 as follows:

I think she is a catalyst for a change in many forms in the art world and has done an incredible job of making a real difference in how we look at an artist's work, so I think she manages to do a lot with her art and I can't wait to see this combo of Creative Time and Kara at the Domino Sugar Factory.


The video tribute wraps up with a text message that encourages the viewer to purchase tickets for the gala and "help Creative Time transform artists' boldest dreams into reality."

But Creative Time's boldest dream to date may very well be its relationship with board member Jed Walentas, a real estate maven and principal of Two Trees Management Company, who I think is a catalyst for a change in many forms in the real estate sector, and has done an incredible job of making a real difference in how we look at a neighborhood's transformation, so I think he manages to do a lot with his business and I can't wait to see this combo of Creative Time and Jed at the Domino Sugar Factory.

Perhaps we will even witness a sweet deal between Two Trees and Creative Time, should the non-profit decide to move its headquarters into a more suitable spot than its current location in the post-gentrified East Village: Miss Walker's installation, "confected [...] on the occasion of the demolition of the Domino Sugar Refining Plant" happens to precede Two Trees' City Hall-approved redevelopment of the landmark into a $1.5 billion complex that will include several luxury residential towers, office space for tech firms and an expansion of riverfront parkland.

In the meantime, I cannot help wondering about the "subtlety" of inviting an African American artist to highlight the historic past of labor exploitation in the sugar trade before erasing one of its monuments and replacing it with a monument to gentrification. As Simone Weil has written, "The destruction of the past is perhaps the greatest of all crimes."

40,000 Years of Singing

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"We are all visitors to this time, this place. We are just passing through. Our purpose here is to observe, to learn, to grow, to love... and then we return home." -- Aboriginal Elder quoted in Australian Dreaming: 40,000 Years Of Aboriginal History

I wrote the majority of this essay when I was on tour with my band in Australia, about a month ago. I took advantage of every free moment I had to visit art galleries, museum exhibitions and any indigenous musical performances I could find. I've always been intuitively attracted to indigenous music, or "world music" as it is commonly called, and I've tried to learn as much as possible about the world's indigenous cultures, through their music and art. There's really something special, even sacred, about the music created by the Earth's First Peoples, and in Australia, traditional Aboriginal music is still performed in the same way its been done for thousands of years -- with the human voice and some very basic wooden instruments. I first heard this music when I came to Australia in the early 1990s, when my dad was stationed in Sydney working for an industrial explosives company that supplied the enormous mining industry down there. As I visited my parents several times throughout the 1990s, it gave me a rare opportunity to explore the Australian landscape and gaze through a portal into another, far more ancient world.

It's been 15 years since my last visit to Australia, but last month I was fortunate to attend Brisbane's annual celebration of indigenous identity known as "Clancestry." The pun on "Clan" is because Aboriginal people are born into clan systems with spiritual totems that have historical ties to the land, its plants, and its animals. Watching and hearing the indigenous singers and dancers performing on a perfect summer evening was mystical and transporting to another time. As the singers described their songs, they always reaffirmed their deep connection to the landscape, their people and their culture, all of which are inseparable.

The Aboriginal people of Australia have been here for a very long time, with some archeological evidence placing them here well over 40,000 years ago, and some scholars believing 100,000 years is more likely. Some of their cave paintings are carbon dated to over 20,000-years-old, and these paintings are also the first visual evidence of a series of ancient myths and stories that the Aboriginal people refer to as "The Dreaming."

The Dreaming is a concept somewhat hard for the Western mind to comprehend, but it is essentially a series of stories from the ancient historical past, when the Earth and all her creatures came into existence through an "autochthonic process." That is, everything "came out" of the Earth itself. The Dreaming is basically an indigenous way to describe the evolutionary process of life, using clever and often humorous myths and stories that help to explain the complexities of life on Earth. Each successive generation passes on The Dreaming through storytelling, painting, and of course through music. The stories are epic in their scope, and they often contain great moral truths that help to teach each generation of children -- and adults. It is in effect, the great Aboriginal gift to the world of holy scriptures, equivalent to the Veda, the Tora, the Bible, the Koran and every other great religious system the world has to offer.

And like the great holy texts of man, The Dreaming stories are full of beautiful symbolic metaphors that illustrate the complexity of life and the infinity of the Universe. Great ancestors who have passed from this physical existence have lit great campfires in the sky which become the flickering stars that remind us who is watching over the world. The seven stars of the Pleiades are seven famous sisters who grew weary of the follies of men and fled to their own private home in the sky. Fire was given to humanity by majestic teaching birds who help humans to evolve and learn, and crocodiles and rainbow serpents guard the billabong watering holes, where additional teaching stories are taught.

The Australian landscape itself was carved and sculpted by enormous serpents whose undulations helped to excavate the rivers, lakes, and valleys of the continent. Then came the great ancestor Jambuwal, who walks on water with his friend Wuimir the whale, and together they create the rain clouds that fill the lakes and rivers with fresh water. It is also believed that the oceans were originally fresh water, that is, until the great sea turtle ancestor Inibungei was speared by a careless fisherman, causing Inibungei to urinate in the water and salinate the oceans forever.

Now we know who peed in the pool. As I said, there is great humor in these Dreaming stories.

When it comes to aboriginal music, you have to think about the songs quite differently. These songs are carried through a musical system of communication called a "Songline", and these songs are like musical maps of ancestral history, peppered with additional myths and stories. These song-story-maps can be ancient, and are sometimes adapted to carry contemporary news and events. They travel across the Australian landscape in the same way that the stories of the American West traveled with pioneers, medicine men, and cowboy singers. In a way, they are thematically not that much different to some of the songs coming out of America today, where the lyrics are about beautiful landscapes and the people who live within them. The difference here however, is that an American song is probably not much no older than 200 years, whereas an Aboriginal Songline can go back several hundred and possibly thousands of years. Its an entirely different history, an ancient history.

I heard my first Aboriginal Songline when my father and I went to Alice Springs in the Red Center in the early 1990s. We went there to see the gigantic rock formations known as Uluru and Kata Tjuta, which you've seen on postcards and every TV commercial from the Australian tourist commission. Out near Uluru, we listened to a man from the local Pitinjara tribe sing a songline about the land we were visiting, his ancestor's land. He sang the song in his own language and then later explained that it was about the landscape we were viewing all around us. In the fading light, I saw a pack of wild dingos sneaking through the brush a hundred yards below the small hill where we were standing. The Aboriginal man saw my eyes following the dingos, and winked back at me in silent understanding. The dingos are in the Songline too.

These songlines are inherited and handed down generation to generation, as a formal acknowledgment of a person's connection to their land. And in some famous land rights cases, the songline of a territory in question was sung in Australian court as proof of ownership of a piece of land. Finally Australian law is starting to recognize that these Songlines are far more important than the scribblings of a banker on a piece of paper.

I wish I had a Songline that could work as legal protection against the condominium developers who are destroying my particular neighborhood in Ballard, Seattle, Washington.

Linguists have calculated that there were as many as 500 different Aboriginal languages in use prior to British colonization. Imagine all those songs, sung in 500 different languages, over the course of thousands of years. Unfortunately, by the late 20th century, there were only about 100 languages still active in Australia, and those languages are continuing to disappear. So many ancient things are collapsing under the devouring weight of globalization and economic homogenization. It is not worth what we are losing.

When you see a piece of Aboriginal artwork, you cannot help but be moved. Their paintings are so vibrant, colorful, and alive, because the subject matter is the living Earth itself. That is also why it is the most relevant art in the world today, because it celebrates Life. Just Google "Aboriginal Art" after you're done reading this post and you'll see exactly what I've been talking about. You can support their culture and their economic stability by purchasing this art and their music, both online and of course in the Australian galleries and music shops. That is one way you can help to preserve the indigenous world, by economically contributing to the support of their art.

Any musicologist or art historian will tell you that the music and art of a culture says everything about the culture itself. Just listen to any corporate radio station or visit your local mall and you'll understand exactly the cultural decline our western world is in. Perhaps this says something about our own decaying, materialist world, which devalues music and art and puts a higher value on plastic junk made in China, than it does on the workers who sell it under fluorescent lights at slave labor wages. We've turned "shopping" into a culture pastime, but we're really only buying worthless junk. When did we stop creating culture and instead started devouring it?

There is a great teaching in all this, and it comes from the things indigenous people have to share with us. It is something we all can learn from, something we can participate in. I think it has to do with stopping and listening to the Songlines of our own people, and looking at their art. But your not going to find it on corporate radio or in a shopping mall.

No, you're going to have to go dig for it.

Real Life Into Art: As Time Goes By

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The death of Bob Larbey last week received little if any attention on English television; it was overwhelmed by such trivial stories as the downfall of yet another sleazy politician, and the first foreign trip of a royal infant. Bob Larbey deserved better, because he was an artist who helped transform television.









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Bob Larbey (1934-2014). Image courtesy of the Huffington Post UK.

The Times accurately but incompletely eulogized Larbey as the "king of the gentle sitcom." The program for which Larbey was best known was The Good Life, which he wrote with John Esmonde during the 1970s. I never saw that program, but for me and millions of other Americans, Bob Larbey was the sole writer of As Time Goes By, which ran on BBC One in England from 1992 to 2002. It still runs weekly in the US on PBS, and I still watch it.









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The cast of As Time Goes By. Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons.

As Time Goes By is based on the unlikely premise that two former lovers, separated by the Korean War, meet again by chance nearly 40 years later, she having been widowed, he divorced. They fall back in love, and the program records their lives, and those of their families and friends. There is little real drama, and few landmark events, but As Time Goes By is enjoyable to watch, time and again, because it is a realistic portrayal of engaging characters - real people doing real activities, in the course of living out real lives. It is an excellent example of the satisfying and unobtrusive virtues of experimental art.


Larbey was quintessentially experimental. He and Esmonde were late bloomers. They began writing The Good Life when they were turning 40: "It's one of those 'Oh, God, what am I doing with my life times.'" When a producer first saw one of their scripts and was surprised by the absence of gags, Larbey responded, "We go for character. We can't write jokes. Never could." Larbey was never confident in his work: "I don't have an inkling as to what will be a success: there is no magic formula."


As Time Goes By is typically experimental in its subtlety. The characters include stereotypes - an ambitious Thatcher-era entrepreneur, a dull but reliable policeman, a wealthy, aged, English eccentric - but they all become nuanced, three-dimensional characters over time. The program satirizes a number of targets, including superficial Hollywood executives, but the satire is almost always gentle; the only really barbed ridicule is reserved for traditional English snobbery. Larbey was a king of the gentle sitcom, but he was also a king of sophisticated dramatic art and reasoned and sensible social commentary.









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Judi Dench, by Alessandro Raho (2004). Image courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London.

Larbey wrote As Time Goes By by himself, after Esmonde's retirement. Most viewers would probably attribute the show's success to superb ensemble acting, and the brilliance of Judi Dench in the lead role. But the unobtrusiveness of the scripts should not be taken for unimportance, as is often done with excellent experimental art. The actors themselves would never make this mistake. As Geoffrey Palmer, who starred opposite Judi Dench, concluded, "You can find hundreds of actors, but you don't get many writers like Bob Larbey."

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